Extracción y caracterización estructural de moléculas bioactivas en cáncer de próstata obtenidas de plantas utilizadas en la medicina tradicional maya
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2018
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Universidad de la República Uruguay
Resumen
El cáncer de próstata es el cáncer más común en los hombres a nivel mundial, influenciado por los andrógenos y sus receptores. Los tratamientos actuales incluyen cirugía, terapia hormonal, radiación y quimioterapia, aunque estos tienen efectos adversos y no son completamente efectivos. Se ha demostrado que varios compuestos de plantas, como extractos de polifenol de semilla de uva, licopeno de tomate, isoflavonas de soja y extractos de té verde, son eficaces contra el crecimiento de células de cáncer de próstata. Este estudio preparó una biblioteca de extractos de plantas de la medicina tradicional maya, evaluando su actividad antineoplásica en células de cáncer de próstata (LNCaP). Siete de las diez plantas mostraron actividad significativa, y se identificaron tres compuestos con efectos antineoplásicos, uno de los cuales es selectivo para células neoplásicas.
Abstract This study focused on prostate cancer, the most common cancer in men worldwide, influenced by androgens and their receptors. Current treatments include surgery, hormone therapy, radiation, and chemotherapy, though these have adverse effects and are not fully effective. Various plant compounds, such as grape seed polyphenol extracts, tomato lycopene preparations, soy isoflavones, and green tea extracts, have been shown to be effective against prostate cancer cell growth. This study prepared a library of plant extracts from traditional Mayan medicine, evaluating their antineoplastic activity on prostate cancer cells (LNCaP). Seven out of ten plants showed significant activity, and three compounds with antineoplastic effects were identified, one of which is selective for neoplastic cells.
Abstract This study focused on prostate cancer, the most common cancer in men worldwide, influenced by androgens and their receptors. Current treatments include surgery, hormone therapy, radiation, and chemotherapy, though these have adverse effects and are not fully effective. Various plant compounds, such as grape seed polyphenol extracts, tomato lycopene preparations, soy isoflavones, and green tea extracts, have been shown to be effective against prostate cancer cell growth. This study prepared a library of plant extracts from traditional Mayan medicine, evaluating their antineoplastic activity on prostate cancer cells (LNCaP). Seven out of ten plants showed significant activity, and three compounds with antineoplastic effects were identified, one of which is selective for neoplastic cells.
Descripción
Universidad de la República Uruguay, Facultad de Ciencias. Tesis para optar el grado de Licenciado en Ciencias Biológicas.
Asesor Dr. Guzmán Álvarez Lic. Rafael Fort
Asesor Dr. Guzmán Álvarez Lic. Rafael Fort
Palabras clave
Neoplasmas Malignos, Plantas Medicinales, Biología Molecular, Etnobotánica