Análisis de flavonoides en plantas medicinales del sur de Chile con técnica HPLC
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Fecha
2004
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Universidad Austral de Chile
Resumen
Los productos naturales obtenidos de los vegetales proporcionan una gran variedad de compuestos, entre los que destacan los flavonoides, productos del metabolismo secundario de las plantas y presentes en frutas, verduras, semillas y flores, así como también en cerveza, vino, té y soja. En la actualidad, alimentos y bebidas que contienen flavonoides son recomendados por sus propiedades antioxidantes, antifúngicas, antiinflamatorias, antivirales, anticancerígenas, antidepresivas, antitrombóticas y vasodilatadoras. La función específica de los diferentes flavonoides está directamente relacionada con su estructura química, por lo que es interesante estudiar estas moléculas en detalle. En este trabajo se realizaron estudios, tanto cualitativos como cuantitativos, en varias plantas de interés farmacéutico. Se investigó si la procedencia de estas plantas, las que fueron colectadas en diferentes lugares, de herboristerías de la ciudad de Valdivia y del jardín botánico de la Universidad Austral de Chile, influye en la concentración de los flavonoides. Las especies estudiadas fueron Drimys winteri (canelo), Peumus boldus (boldo), Buddleja globosa (matico), Eucalyptus globulus (eucalipto), Ruta graveolens (ruda), Foeniculum vulgare (hinojo) y Equisetum bogotense (limpia plata). Para determinar la concentración de los cinco flavonoides de interés, Kaempferol, Luteolina, Myricetina, Quercetina y Rutina, se realizaron estudios espectrofotométricos y cromatográficos. Los resultados mostraron que, en general, los mismos flavonoides fueron encontrados en las especies de distinta procedencia. La rutina fue encontrada en el 100 % de las muestras. Sin embargo, el kaempferol y la myricetina fueron encontrados solo en cuatro de las catorce muestras estudiadas, lo que sugiere que estos flavonoides pudieran no estar en estado puro, sino que probablemente sustituidos con grupos glicósidos.
Natural products from the plant kingdom provide us with a variety of useful compounds, among them, flavonoids. These products from the secondary metabolism of plants are present in fruits, vegetables, seeds, and flowers. Moreover, they are also found in drinks such as wine, beer, tea, and soy. Currently, foods and drinks containing flavonoids are recommended because of their antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, antidepressant, antithrombotic, and vasodilatory properties. Since the specific function of different flavonoids is directly related to their chemical structure, it is interesting to study these molecules in detail. In this work, qualitative and quantitative studies of flavonoids were conducted on several plants of pharmaceutical interest. In order to determine if the origin of plants had some influence on flavonoid concentration, species from two different places were collected: from Valdivia city market and from the University Botanical Garden. The studied species were: Drimys winteri (canelo), Peumus boldus (boldo), Buddleja globosa (matico), Eucalyptus globulus (eucalipto), Foeniculum vulgare (hinojo), Ruta graveolens (ruda), Equisetum bogotense (limpia plata). To determine the concentration of five flavonoids of interest: Kaempferol, Quercetin, Luteolin, Myricetin, and Rutin, spectroscopic and chromatographic studies were carried out. The results showed that, in general, the same type of flavonoids were found in the species from different origins. Rutin was found in 100% of the samples. However, Kaempferol and Myricetin were found in only 4 of the 14 studied samples, suggesting that these flavonoids may not be in a free state, but probably sugar-substituted.
Natural products from the plant kingdom provide us with a variety of useful compounds, among them, flavonoids. These products from the secondary metabolism of plants are present in fruits, vegetables, seeds, and flowers. Moreover, they are also found in drinks such as wine, beer, tea, and soy. Currently, foods and drinks containing flavonoids are recommended because of their antioxidant, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, antidepressant, antithrombotic, and vasodilatory properties. Since the specific function of different flavonoids is directly related to their chemical structure, it is interesting to study these molecules in detail. In this work, qualitative and quantitative studies of flavonoids were conducted on several plants of pharmaceutical interest. In order to determine if the origin of plants had some influence on flavonoid concentration, species from two different places were collected: from Valdivia city market and from the University Botanical Garden. The studied species were: Drimys winteri (canelo), Peumus boldus (boldo), Buddleja globosa (matico), Eucalyptus globulus (eucalipto), Foeniculum vulgare (hinojo), Ruta graveolens (ruda), Equisetum bogotense (limpia plata). To determine the concentration of five flavonoids of interest: Kaempferol, Quercetin, Luteolin, Myricetin, and Rutin, spectroscopic and chromatographic studies were carried out. The results showed that, in general, the same type of flavonoids were found in the species from different origins. Rutin was found in 100% of the samples. However, Kaempferol and Myricetin were found in only 4 of the 14 studied samples, suggesting that these flavonoids may not be in a free state, but probably sugar-substituted.
Descripción
Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Química y Farmacia. Tesis para optar el título de Químico Farmacéutico - Licenciado en Ciencias Farmacéuticas.
Asesor: Dr. Susan Agnes Hess Farías
Asesor: Dr. Susan Agnes Hess Farías
Palabras clave
Plantas Medicinales, Flavonoides, Drymis Winteri (Canelo Mapuche), Peumus Boldus (Boldo), Buddleja Globosa (Matico), Eucalyptus Globulus (Eucalipto), Ruta Graveolens (Ruda), Foeniculum Vulgare (Hinojo), Equisetum Bogotense (Limpia Plata), Chile