Etnobotánica cuantitativa y valoración de los conocimientos tradicionales de plantas útiles en las comunidades de Quincemil y Marcapata, Cusco, Perú
Fecha
2018
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Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Resumen
Se realizó un estudio etnobotánico cuantitativo para estimar el grado de conocimientos tradicionales de los pobladores de Quincemil (amazónica) y Marcapata (andina), Quispicanchis, Cusco, y analizar los factores que influyen en la variación de estos conocimientos y su transmisión a nuevas generaciones. La metodología incluyó entrevistas semi-estructuradas y estructuradas, caminatas etnobotánicas y visitas a colegios. Se entrevistaron 283 informantes, reportando 139 especies útiles en Quincemil y 153 en Marcapata, agrupadas en 10 categorías de uso, siendo la medicinal la más numerosa. Los pobladores de Marcapata mostraron mayor conocimiento tradicional. Factores como edad, sexo, acceso a modernización, actividad y permanencia en el centro poblado influyen en la variación del conocimiento. La transmisión de conocimientos es vertical en Marcapata y horizontal en Quincemil.
Abstract A quantitative ethnobotanical study was conducted to estimate the level of traditional knowledge among the inhabitants of Quincemil (Amazonian) and Marcapata (Andean), Quispicanchis, Cusco, and to elucidate the main factors influencing the variation of traditional knowledge and its transmission to new generations. The methodology included semi-structured and structured interviews, ethnobotanical walks to farms, forests, and crop fields, as well as visits and talks in schools. A total of 283 informants were interviewed. 139 useful species were reported in Quincemil and 153 in Marcapata, grouped into 10 use categories, with medicinal being the most numerous. The analysis indicates that Marcapata inhabitants have greater traditional knowledge associated with useful plants. Factors influencing variation include the informants' age and gender, access to modernisation, their activities, and their permanence in the populated centre. It is inferred that the transmission of traditional knowledge is vertical in Marcapata and horizontal in Quincemil.
Abstract A quantitative ethnobotanical study was conducted to estimate the level of traditional knowledge among the inhabitants of Quincemil (Amazonian) and Marcapata (Andean), Quispicanchis, Cusco, and to elucidate the main factors influencing the variation of traditional knowledge and its transmission to new generations. The methodology included semi-structured and structured interviews, ethnobotanical walks to farms, forests, and crop fields, as well as visits and talks in schools. A total of 283 informants were interviewed. 139 useful species were reported in Quincemil and 153 in Marcapata, grouped into 10 use categories, with medicinal being the most numerous. The analysis indicates that Marcapata inhabitants have greater traditional knowledge associated with useful plants. Factors influencing variation include the informants' age and gender, access to modernisation, their activities, and their permanence in the populated centre. It is inferred that the transmission of traditional knowledge is vertical in Marcapata and horizontal in Quincemil.
Descripción
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Escuela Profesional de Ciencias Biológicas. Tesis para optar el título profesional de Biólogo con mención en Botánica.
Asesor Mg. Joaquina Adelaida Albán Castillo
Asesor Mg. Joaquina Adelaida Albán Castillo
Palabras clave
Etnobotánica, Plantas Medicinales, Medicina tradicional, Perú (Cusco)