El origen del Perro (Canis lupus familiaris) Sin Pelo Peruano (PSPP): pruebas arqueológicas, zooarqueológicas y genéticas - revisión
Fecha
2016
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Centro de Investigaciones Arqueobiológicas y Paleoecológicas Andinas "Arqueobios"
Resumen
Mediante pruebas arqueológicas, zooarqueológicas y genéticas, se hace una revisión sobre el origen del Perro Sin Pelo Peruano (PSPP). Los análisis genéticos mediante ADN mitocondrial indican que comparte el haplotipo C16 con otros perros (Siberiano, Xoloitzcuintle y Chihuahua), lo que implica que dichas tres razas de perros nativos americanos descienden de perros siberianos. El gen FOXI3 mutaría posteriormente, generando la enfermedad denominada Displasia Ectodérmica Canina (DEC) en el Xoloitzcuintle. Por otro lado, las tempranas relaciones culturales entre los antiguos mexicanos y las culturas andinas prehispánicas quedaron plasmadas en representaciones escultóricas (cerámica). Así, el Xoloitzcuintle llegó a territorio andino aproximadamente hace 3.500 años, siendo el ancestro del PSPP. Este último se adaptó al nuevo medio, habiéndose encontrado pruebas zooarqueológicas de cinofagia de esta raza de perro, especialmente en la costa norte peruana.
The objective of this research was to describe the attitude that parents maintain about the use of Quechua in an EIB of cultural and linguistic strengthening in Ocongate, Quispicanchi, Cusco, 2023. The qualitative study and with the techniques of the focus group and participant observation, showed that parents have a positive attitude towards Quechua with full vitality and use in the family and community; but they do not guarantee that the same will happen in other areas such as in the city. But beyond their linguistic loyalty, socio-political adversities and the low valuation of diversity have caused the native language to be weakened, hence its usefulness in the educational context is undervalued, in relation to Spanish, which is in greater demand; that is, parents seek that the IIEE Spanishize their children, although they do not reject the EIB. Thus, when the school promotes the use of Quechua and the local culture, parents participate and engage the people who possess the wisdom of the place. In short, Quechua is vital in the family and community, but the advance of Spanish is galloping.
The objective of this research was to describe the attitude that parents maintain about the use of Quechua in an EIB of cultural and linguistic strengthening in Ocongate, Quispicanchi, Cusco, 2023. The qualitative study and with the techniques of the focus group and participant observation, showed that parents have a positive attitude towards Quechua with full vitality and use in the family and community; but they do not guarantee that the same will happen in other areas such as in the city. But beyond their linguistic loyalty, socio-political adversities and the low valuation of diversity have caused the native language to be weakened, hence its usefulness in the educational context is undervalued, in relation to Spanish, which is in greater demand; that is, parents seek that the IIEE Spanishize their children, although they do not reject the EIB. Thus, when the school promotes the use of Quechua and the local culture, parents participate and engage the people who possess the wisdom of the place. In short, Quechua is vital in the family and community, but the advance of Spanish is galloping.
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Palabras clave
Xoloitzcuintle, FOXI3, Displasia Ectodérmica Canina, cinofagia