Articulos Institucionales de Impacto

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http://repositorio.ubip.org:4000/handle/123456789/81

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Examinando Articulos Institucionales de Impacto por Materia "Decision Sciences"

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    Conservation efforts based on local ecological knowledge: the role of social variables in identifying environmental indicators
    (Elsevier B.V., 2017) Sobral, A.; Torre-Cuadros, M.D.L.Á.L.; Alves, R.R.N.; Albuquerque, U.P.
    The incorporation of local ecological knowledge in monitoring processes has been one of the great challenges of conservation initiatives worldwide. Therefore, it is essential to use indicators as local evaluation tools of the conditions of a species in order to support conservation actions. Local populations observe the environment, climate change and the influence of these factors on the species they use. However, their observations and perceptions may vary depending on different social factors. We used as model two species of economic importance involved in sociobiodiversity product chains to evaluate the role of social variables in the identification of conservation indicators for this plants. The species studied were: Caryocar coriaceum Wittm. (locally known as pequi), and Himatanthus drasticus (Mart.) Plumel (locally known as janaguba). We also registered which indicators are perceived as the most important and what they are measuring. Our results show that the knowledge among collectors is homogeneous and that, generally, the social factors do not affect the knowledge on local indicators. Age and extraction time were factors that influenced the knowledge on climate indicators and population structure only for C. coriaceum. In the communities studied, collectors not only monitor the biological characteristics of the species, but also the environmental and climatic phenomena that are threatening the sustainability of the species. These results can help to improve our ability to manage information about natural resources, incorporating local ecological knowledge in the scientific process of evaluation and monitoring of biodiversity. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd
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    ÍtemAcceso Abierto
    Set constraint model and automated encoding into SAT: application to the social golfer problem
    (Springer New York LLC, 2015) Lardeux, F.; Monfroy, E.; Crawford, B.; Soto, R.
    On the one hand, constraint satisfaction problems allow one to expressively model problems. On the other hand, propositional satisfiability problem (SAT) solvers can handle huge SAT instances. We thus present a technique to expressively model set constraint problems and to encode them automatically into SAT instances. We apply our technique to the social golfer problem and we also use it to break symmetries of the problem. Our technique is simpler, more expressive, and less error-prone than direct modeling. The SAT instances that we automatically generate contain less clauses than improved direct instances such as in Triska and Musliu (Ann Oper Res 194(1):427–438, 2012), and with unit propagation they also contain less variables. Moreover, they are well-suited for SAT solvers and they are solved faster as shown when solving difficult instances of the social golfer problem. © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.