Capítulos de libros

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Examinando Capítulos de libros por Autor "Alarcón, G.S."

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  • Miniatura
    ÍtemAcceso Abierto
    Epidemiology
    (Elsevier Inc., 2016) Ugarte-Gil, M.F.; Pons-Estel, G.J.; Alarcón, G.S.
    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease distributed worldwide that occurs in both genders and across racial/ethnic and age groups; however, higher rates are observed in adults, women, and non-Caucasians. Genetic, environmental, sociodemographic, and methodological issues are responsible for these differences and for the variable course and outcome of the disease. Non-Caucasians may have more severe disease with a higher risk for early mortality and damage accrual. Males also may have a more severe disease; however, a negative impact of male gender on lupus outcomes has not been firmly established. Childhood onset is associated with a more severe disease; however, it is not associated with higher damage or diminished survival. Finally, late-onset lupus is associated with a mild disease but with higher damage accrual and a diminished survival. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  • Miniatura
    ÍtemAcceso Abierto
    Socioeconomic aspects of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    (Elsevier Inc., 2016) González-Naranjo, L.A.; Ugarte-Gil, M.F.; Alarcón, G.S.
    Lower socioeconomic status (SES) can affect systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) outcomes by several possible mechanisms, such as inadequate access to quality care services, communication barriers, and malnutrition. SES should be systematically measured at the individual level (education, income, and occupation), as well as at the household and neighborhood levels. Lower SES has been associated with higher disease activity, mainly over the disease course, higher damage accrual, mortality, and disability. Furthermore, outcome differences between Caucasians and non-Caucasians are partially explained by socioeconomic factors. The association between non-Caucasian ethnicities and lower SES makes genetic and environmental risks difficult to disentangle. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.